Makrolon Polycarbonate materials offer a balance of beneficial features which include temp resistance, impact resistance and optical properties position polycarbonates in between commodity plastics and engineering plastic materials.
Polycarbonate is a very long-lasting material. Though it offers considerable impact-resistance, it has a lower scratch-resistance and so a hard coating is applied to polycarbonate eye protection lenses and polycarbonate exterior motor vehicle components. The properties relating to polycarbonate are generally along the lines of those of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA, acrylic), but polycarbonate definitely is stronger, it is usable in a wider temperature range and is a bit more expensive. This plastic polymer is highly transparent to visible light and it has better light transmission characteristics than several types of glass.
Polycarbonate carries a glass transition temperature of around 150 °C (302 °F), in order that it softens slowly above this point and flows above about 300°C (572 °F). Tools should be held at high temperatures, generally above 80 °C (176 °F) to produce strain- and stress-free products.
Unlike most other thermoplastics, polycarbonate can undergo dramatic deformations without cracking. As a result, it may be processed and formed cold using standard sheet metal techniques, for instance forming bends with a brake. Even for sharp angle bends having a tight radius, no heating is usually necessary. This makes it valuable in prototyping applications where transparent or electrically non-conductive parts are essential, which cannot be created from sheet metal. Be aware that PMMA/Plexiglas, which is similar in looks to polycarbonate, but it is brittle and can't be bent at room temperature.
The light weight of polycarbonate, compared with glass, has led to continuing development of electronic display screens that replace glass materials with polycarbonate, for use in mobile and portable devices. Such displays include newer e-ink and some LCD screens, though CRT, plasma screen and other LCD technologies which still do require glass for its higher melting temperature and the ability to be etched in finer detail.
Other types of items created from Polycarbonate include durable, lightweight luggage, MP3/digital audio player cases, computer cases, riot shields, instrument panels, and blender jars. Many toys and hobby items are made out of polycarbonate parts, e.g. fins, gyro mounts, and flybar locks for use with radio-controlled helicopters.
For use in applications exposed to weathering or UV-radiation, a special surface treatment is needed. This may be a coating (e.g. for improved abrasion resistance), or a coextrusion for enhanced weathering resistance.
The Makrolon Polycarbonate is a thermoplastic that at the beginning, starts as a solid plastic material in the form of small pellets. In a manufacturing process called injection molding, the pellets are heated until they melt. The melted liquid polycarbonate is then rapidly pushed into a mold with the empty part being the size and shape of the part you want, compressed under high pressure and cooled to create a finished product in a matter of minutes.
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